Department of Business Administration & Entrepreneurshiphttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/9232024-03-28T22:19:47Z2024-03-28T22:19:47ZVISITOR’S PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS THE CAUSES OF SEASONALITY IN THE KENYAN TOURISM INDUSTRY: A CASE OF NAIROBI NATIONAL PARK, KENYA.Kambaga, DunstanMongare, Omarehttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18402023-01-13T08:14:38Z2023-01-13T00:00:00ZVISITOR’S PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS THE CAUSES OF SEASONALITY IN THE KENYAN TOURISM INDUSTRY: A CASE OF NAIROBI NATIONAL PARK, KENYA.
Kambaga, Dunstan; Mongare, Omare
Seasonality presents a number of issues that require special attention and strategies. In
particular, seasonality affects the number of tourists to a region and therefore may threaten the
viability of tourism enterprises and regions whether severely or mildly. Seasonality causes the
fluctuation in tourists and visitor numbers to a destination. Consequently, some destinations at
certain times have more tourists and visitors than they are able to accommodate, while other
have few tourists and visitors to the region. Kenyan tourism industry has in recent years
suffered low tourist receipts especially at the coast. The main objective is to establish the
visitor’s perceptions towards the causes of seasonality in the Kenyan tourism industry,
specifically, the causes of seasonality at the Nairobi National Park (NNP). The target visitor
population at the NNP was 448 visitors for August, 2017, (KWS, 2018). The formula by Miller
and Brewer (2003) was used to get the sample size of 205 respondents. Data was collected
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using questionnaires and interviews, then cleaned, edited and analyzed. Statistical Package for
Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse quantitative data, while qualitative data was
analysed by use of content analysis. Descriptive analysis test used means, percentages and
frequency distributions and charts. Inferential analysis used correlation and regression analysis
including ANOVA and X2-square test to establish the level of relationships between the
research variables. The findings indicate that the NNP experiences seasonality. Out of 64
respondent’s majority strongly agreed both natural and institutional seasonality that weather
season both natural and institutionalized seasonality account for 80%; Calendar influence,
natural and institutionalized seasonality 51%; Timing decision, natural and institutionalized
seasonality 77% finally, Social pressures, natural and institutionally seasonality 50%. All the
predictors were statistically significant at α=0.05 since p-values are less than 0.05. The study
recommends that the government to give incentives to domestic tourists to visit the park
regularly, in order to reduce the negativity of institutionalized seasonality. Further studies be
done on the strategies to mitigate the causes of seasonality at the NNP.
Keywords: Tourism, Tourists, Seasonality, Nairobi National Park
2023-01-13T00:00:00ZTHE EFFECT OF FOOD QUALITY ON CUSTOMER CHOICE OF DINING DESTINATION IN KENYA.Ondara, R. OFwaya, E. V. O.Gesage, BKambaga, Dhttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18392023-01-13T07:55:42Z2023-01-13T00:00:00ZTHE EFFECT OF FOOD QUALITY ON CUSTOMER CHOICE OF DINING DESTINATION IN KENYA.
Ondara, R. O; Fwaya, E. V. O.; Gesage, B; Kambaga, D
Food quality has received attention by hoteliers because of its effect on customer choice of dining
destination in Kenya. Achieving food quality (FQ) management standards across the hospitality
industry presents a challenge for governments worldwide and Kenya in particular. Despite the
important role that FQ play in hospitality industry, few studies have been conducted to assess the
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effect of food quality on customers’ choice of dining destination in 4 and 5 star Hotels in Kenya
The main objective of the study was to assess the effect of food quality and safety on customer’s
choice of dining destination in Kenya. The specific objective was to assess the relationship
between FQ and customer choice of dining destination in Kenya.
The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive survey design where total number of guests
sampled were 1058 based on 2016 data provided by the Kenya Tourism Board bed occupancy
calculated at 49% and 54 Hotel staff (managers and sous chef) randomly selected from 4-star and
5-star hotels in Nairobi and Mombasa. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data
from guests while interview schedules were employed to collect data from employees. Qualitative
data collected through interview schedules was analyzed thematically. Quantitative data collected
was coded in SPSS version 21 and analyzed using multiple regression. The results revealed that
the top three aspects that were considered to be highly important while referring to food quality
included taste (n = 426), freshness (n = 393) and good condition (n = 330). Results of the study
indicated that the odds ratio of a restaurant with good food quality being selected over that with
average food quality was 3.387 to 1, while the odds of a restaurant with poor food quality had the
odds of 0.091 to 1 of being selected over a restaurant with average food quality.
The overall effect of food quality was found to be significant since the corresponding –value for
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was 0.025, which was less than 0.05 ( P-value = 0.005< 0.05).
2023-01-13T00:00:00ZTHE DETERMINANTS FOR MEDICAL TOURISM IN PRIVATE HOSPITALS: A CASE STUDY OF NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYAKambaga, DunstanMongare, OmareOndara, R. Ohttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18382023-01-13T07:37:37Z2023-01-13T00:00:00ZTHE DETERMINANTS FOR MEDICAL TOURISM IN PRIVATE HOSPITALS: A CASE STUDY OF NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA
Kambaga, Dunstan; Mongare, Omare; Ondara, R. O
The Kenya government is expected to lead in developing medical experts and facilities to
take care of the well-being of its citizens and beyond the borders, since health is one of
the pillars in the government’s agenda of Vision 2030. Therefore, the study is to find out
determinants for medical tourism for private hospitals in Nairobi County, with a view
of improving medical tourism in Kenya. The study examined a sample of cross-section
of the tourist stakeholders to establish the impact of quality medical treatment facility,
service delivery offered, competent doctors and the cost for medical treatments for
private hospitals in Nairobi County. A descriptive and exploratory strategy were used
for the study, whereby, the population was 400 medical tourists per month visiting the
25 private hospitals (Table 4) using census method. While, Krejcie and Morgan Table
(1970) was used to sample 196 respondents, by use of convenient sampling to select
medical tourists in each hospital selected. The data was collected by a structured
questionnaire and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The
presentations and conclusions of the study was done after descriptive and inferential
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statistics was investigated. The findings revealed that predictors were statistically
significant at α=0.05 and the p-values < 0.05 (Quality medical treatment facility, p=0.00;
Service delivery, p=0.00; Competent doctors, p=0.03; Costs, p=0.00). This is an indication
that Quality medical treatment facility, Service delivery and Competence of doctors all
have a significant outcome on medical tourists coming to Kenya. The study
recommended that the management of private hospitals ensure that they have quality
medical treatment equipment/facilities and competent medical doctors who will offer
quality services to motivate more tourists to visit hospitals. The government to put in
place policies to protect medical tourists from being exploited by private hospitals as
well as to manage public hospitals to compete favorably with private hospitals. In such
a scenario, medical tourism would expand and lead to the creation of employment and
generate revenues for the country. Finally, the study will assist the government and
tourism stakeholders in addressing the obstacles facing local and international medical
tourism in the country. The researcher suggested a comparative study between private
and public hospitals on medical tourism in Nairobi, Kenya.
2023-01-13T00:00:00ZDETERMINANTS OF CHILD SEX EXPLOITATION BY TOURISTS IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF MOMBASA NORTH COASTKambaga, DunstanMongare, OmareIpara, Hellenhttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/18372023-01-13T07:29:43Z2023-01-13T00:00:00ZDETERMINANTS OF CHILD SEX EXPLOITATION BY TOURISTS IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF MOMBASA NORTH COAST
Kambaga, Dunstan; Mongare, Omare; Ipara, Hellen
Kenya is synonymous with Safari destination in tourism circles internationally because of its main
two products namely; wildlife and Coastal beach. However, cultural and sex tourism products are
becoming prevalent to tourist, such that the tourism industry is facing different challenges towards
child sex exploitation by tourists (CSET) in Kenya. The purpose of this research was to find the
determinants of CSET in Mombasa North Coast, Kenya (MNCK). The research adopted
descriptive design. The target population was 108,778 (County government of Kilifi and
Mombasa, 2017) children involved in sex tourism industry and sample size of 384 children were
selected using Krejcie and Morgan Table (1970). The study used both purposive sampling and
stratification methods in sampling the children. Convenient method was used to select 22 tourist
hotels out of 44 tourist hotels (KAHC, 2018) in MNCK. Descriptive research design was adopted
for the study with the use of Purposive sampling method to sample the population both primary
and secondary data which was collected by use of questionnaire survey and direct observation.
and Descriptive analysis was used to analyse the data collected. With help of statistical packages
for social sciences (SPSS) whereby chi-square (χ2
), ANOVA and descriptive tests were performed.
The researcher conducted a Correlation analysis to investigate the existence and nature of
relationship between dependent variable (CSET) and in dependent variable (poverty, illiteracy,
culture, modern technology, peer pressure). The study established that CSET is strongly influenced
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by poverty, illiteracy, culture, modern technology, peer pressure respectively as indicated by a
Pearson correlation coefficient of .726** .4311** .648** and. 618** This relationship was found to
be statistically significant as the significant value of 0.000 which is less than 0.05 threshold. The
study concluded that poverty is the major factor leading to the widespread of CSET in MNCK
followed by peer pressure, illiteracy, modern technology and finally culture. This study
recommends that In order to eradicate CSET at Mombasa North Coast, there is need to adopt
deterrent measures apart from curative measures and may be adopted at different levels. The
government should have a tourism policy on sustainable tourism to local community focusing on
children which is tourism sustainability and intendeds to involve and improve the living standard
of the children by generating and retaining revenue in the local community through employment.
There should be skills training and entrepreneurship activities within the community to the children
by assisting them to go back to learning schools/institutions and have programs to retain them for
future life. Further research should be done to establish the relationship between child drug abuse
and child sex exploitation; entrepreneurship opportunities for children at Mombasa North Coast;
and, development of tourist education/learning programmes for the children at Mombasa North
Coast.
2023-01-13T00:00:00Z