Abstract:
In Part 1 of this study, we reported on an evaluation of the performances of four robust estimation techniques, namely: the modified residuals technique, the modified weights technique, the modified residuals-weights technique, and the iterative weighting technique. The methods were then tested on a simulated geodetic network. In this second part of the study, we carry out a further evaluation of the methods with a real geodetic network as the test network. In order that a set of gross-error contaminated observational may be available for the study, gross errors have been simulated into observational set. The results of the study largely corroborate the findings in Part 1 of the study