School of Architecture and The Built Environment

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://koha2.tukenya.ac.ke/handle/123456789/863

Browse

Browsing School of Architecture and The Built Environment by Author "Wayumba, Gordon"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Accuracy Assessment Of Preliminary Index Diagrams (PIDS) From High Resolution Orthoimages In Kenya
    (International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies, 2015-01) Wayumba, Gordon
    Abstract: In Kenya, various types of cadastral maps are in use for land administration; the most famous being Registry Index Maps (RIMs) used in the rural areas due to their ease of production by simple surveying techniques and air survey methods. Such RIMs initially intended as a temporary measure to speed up land registration pending preparation of more accurate documents, are still in use today resulting in unreliable and lack of up to-date survey information for better land administration. This study investigates a new system that would facilitate quick production of reliable, accurate and up to-date cadastral maps for land administration through the use of high spatial resolution satellite imagery (QuickBird). Three types of data were acquired and integrated to provide a database; namely QuickBird orthoimage, orthophoto and parcel areas from the RIMs. The evaluation was made by statistically comparing parcel areas from, orthophoto (reference data), QuickBird satellite orthoimage and the official PID Area List. The study has demonstrated that the high spatial resolution satellite imagery can be used as an input for indirect land surveying methodology. Statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant difference between parcel areas from orthophoto and satellite orthoimage while there was significant difference between PID and orthophoto areas. Good results were obtained for large and medium size parcels with an average area difference of 0.3% and 1.0% respectively and 2.6% for smaller sized parcels. However, with regard to the minimum requirements for a Land Registry Index Map to be of sufficient accuracy to perform its core functions of parcel identification, boundary relocation, mutation surveys and area computation, it can be reasonably concluded that PIDs from QuickBird orthoimage at a scale of 1:5000 met these requirements
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A Historical Review of Land Tenure Reforms in Kenya
    (2015-01) Wayumba, Gordon
    Land Tenure is a collection of relationships which exist between members of a society by virtue of their occupation and use of land [Ezigbalike and Benwell, 1995]. These relationships are dynamic and change with cultural and societal developments [Ting and Williamson 199a]. Feudalism was associated with the fiscal cadastre and the development of the individual tenure. The industrial revolution of the 17th Century precipitated the on-set of land markets and Torrens system; while the information revolution of 1980s created the subdivision of land, the concept of Agenda 21 and sustainable development, and the multipurpose cadastre. It is evident that the growth of land tenure systems is indeed related to changing human-land relations, historical developments and changing political circumstances. understanding such changes greatly assists in understanding current land policy issues and the impact of such changes on society at large. Simply the humankind to land relationship in any society is not stable but is continually evolving. This paper therefore set out to review the historical and political developments of the land tenure reforms in Kenya since the First Millenium A.D. It also provides a basis for understanding of the evolution of Kenya as a state and the impact of these tenure reforms on the customary systems which had existed among the Kenyan communities for ages. It introduces the reader to the various legislations that were promulgated to implement the new tenure systems and its impact on the governance of the state before and after attainment of political independence 1963.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Mapping sugarcane biomass using remote sensing
    (International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2009) Wayumba, Gordon
    Monitoring biophysical features of sugarcane to estimate productivity of growing cane using groundbased crop cut techniques require immense time and equipment. Crop biophysical parameters from representative Mumias Nucleus Estate sugarcane fields were used to characterize biomass by gleaning spectral reflectance values to calculate five vegetation indices and comparing them with ground-truthed data clipped from the fields. Results indicated leaf area index and Red/Near infrared as the best biomass predictors with Coefficients of correlation (r2) of 0.94 while a strong relationship existed between the spectral values and field biomass with predictions of r2 of 0.78 and 0.82 for bands 3 and 4 respectively. Temporal maps developed using transformed values of bands 3 and 4 suggested that yield and biomass could be mapped from ETM+ satellite imagery. A model developed performed well returning a coefficient of efficiency of 0.98 confirming the potential of remote sensing in providing data to estimate crop yield.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The pastoralist’s parcel: towards better land tenure recognition and climate change response in Kenya’s dry lands
    (2013-05-06) Wayumba, Gordon
    Conventional notions of the ‘land parcel’ have been extended: previously unrecognized tenures including customary, nomadic, or communal interests are now incorporated into the concept. Technical tools including the Social Tenure Domain Model (STDM) enable these new understandings to be operationalized in land administration systems. The nomadic pastoralists of Kenya’s dry land regions illustrate where these new approaches can be applied. These regions are exposed to multiple competing interests: export-oriented farming, mineral and oil extraction activities, forestry, and tourism all compete with local livelihood strategies like pastoralism. Competition is further heightened by climate change responses of the actors. This paper frames climate change as an opportunity, not only a threat. It discusses the potential for delivering knowledge, tools, and capacity to secure pastoralist land tenures in order to improve climate change responses. Four example Kenyan counties are discussed to illustrate the issues and confirm where such approaches have utility. It is argued that the interaction between conventional and pastoralist tenures needs assessment from spatial, legal, and social tenure perspectives. Such knowledge could be used to deliver innovative land policy toolkits, land administration toolkits, and educational toolkits. These can be used for: supporting development of community friendly investment models for local development plans; enabling innovative recording of pastoralist tenures; and improving awareness between stakeholder groups.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Role of Training Institutions in Promoting Sustainable Land Management in Kenya
    (2015-05-19) Wayumba, Gordon
    Land is critical to the economic, social and cultural development of a country. In Kenya, land issues are emotive and have dominated the debate since independence in 1963. Indeed, the struggle for independence from the colonial rule was closely linked to the fight for land rights. As a nation Kenya therefore recognized at an early stage, the important role of experts in the acquisition, development, valuation, management and disposal of property. The approaches of Land Administration processes and outputs have evolved with time. Of particular concern is the global realization that land administration should not just aim at the eventual issuance of paper title but has to be consistent with the historical, economic and social background of each country. This realization also calls for a multi-disciplinary approach in terms of core competencies with incorporation, for example, of modern land information systems and programmes of administering land. The education and training in the land sector has not critically responded to the needs of the country and continued to promote specializations at the basic university level, a trend that is worrying. The past products from Kenya Universities have not been adequately equipped to effectively offer land administration services in order to achieve sustainable land management. Land administration as a discipline has largely been ignored in this institutions. This paper, therefore, highlights the training programmes in the built environment and particularly the land sector within the Kenya Universities. It further examines the emerging trends in the training programmes. It calls for a re-orientation and a more comprehensive programme that will meet the inherent challenges of land administration education and training.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Structure of Cadastral System in Kenya
    (Journal of Land Administration in Eastern Africa, 2013-01) Wayumba, Gordon
    The cadastral system2 in Kenya was established in 1903 to cater for land alienation for the white settlers. Since then, a hundred years later, the structure of the system has remained more or less the same despite major changes in surveying technology. The government of Kenya has realized that the current structure is not conducive to economic demands of the 21st century and is interested in re-organizing the structure in line with the current constitutional dispensation and new paradigms in land management. So far, there has been no comprehensive study to evaluate the structure of the cadastral system in Kenya, and this paper presents the results of a study that was carried out in Kenya (as part of PhD research) to evaluate the structure as a means of providing information for re-engineering the cadastral system.