Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology

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Browsing Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology by Author "Kidenda, Mary Claire Akinyi"

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    A Digital Design Training Model for Jua Kali Artisans in Kenya
    (2021-06-09) Kidenda, Mary Claire Akinyi
    Interaction with Kenyan informal sector artisans – also known as the Jua Kali (JK) has suggested that their skill acquisition through the informal traditional apprenticeship (TA) system, which is devoid of theory, constrains their product quality and incomes. The JK sector accounts for 84.8% of the national labour force, and produces affordable goods and services for a majority of Kenyans. Thus, appropriate design practice and planning skills among artisans are imperative for uplifting many Kenyans’ livelihoods quality and incomes, contributing to Kenya Vision 2030’s development objective of transforming the country to middle income status. The objective of the research reported here was to establish the status of design practice and planning skills among the JK artisans, with the aim of developing and testing a competency based Digital Design Training Intervention (DDTI) model encountered in the literature, with which to remedy skills shortfalls through m-learning. The model aims at bridging the skills development gap by delivering a tailor-made, learner-centred, competency-based design training model that is accessible online or through mobile technology. Available anytime anywhere with no tuition fees involved, the DDTI would uplift the supply of properly trained JK artisans, in keeping with Vision 2030’s aspirations. The study involved a mixed methods research approach alongside an action research design. The first phase employed situational analysis involving qualitative and quantitative data collection, to establish the existing design and planning skills acquired through TA and the workplace, and the gaps needing attention. The second phase engaged the artisans in the development of a competency-based design-training model for delivery through m-learning, accessed through the web or mobile technology. The final phase tested the model’s efficacy among the JK artisans, and among government officials for relevance to Vision 2030’s policies and strategies. The testing established that the DDTI’s web-based and mobile phone-based Unstructured Supplementary Service Data models could enhance the JK artisans’ design practice and planning, thereby promoting Vision 2030 objectives. These ground-breaking findings introduce ICT into a new realm, the JK manufacturing sub-sector. The study also makes the important finding that Kenya lacks a nationally integrated database on the primary livelihoods sector, whose establishment would allow more nuanced analysis of the role of the JK sector.
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    An Investigation of the Impact of Animated Cartoons on Children in Nairobi
    (2021-06-09) Kidenda, Mary Claire Akinyi
    This thesis is about cartoon-consumer relationship in an effort to discover the impacts of animated cartoons on children in Nairobi. It is hoped that the findings and conclusions herein will help generate cartoons that can educate Kenyan children to live in ways that are socially and culturally desirable. Kenya has, in the last ten or so years, witnessed rapid growth in the number of television channels and satellite television. The television channels and satellite television have availed to children a vast amount of animated cartoons that transmit European, Japanese and North American views of life instead of the realities in which Kenya children live. This research was carried out in Nairobi, to find out whether or not animated cartoons have an impact on children aged seven to eleven years. Before achieving this primary objective, it was important to first find out which animated cartoons children watch and how regularly they watch the cartoons. It was also essential to first view the roles parents’ play in encouraging or discouraging their children who watch animated cartoons. Casual observation, a general survey, questionnaires, face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions were methods used to gather data for analysis. The analysis of data shows that children in Nairobi watch a lot of cartoon programs during the week, over the weekends and during school holidays; entertainment is the primary reason why children watch animated cartoons. Analysis also reveals that parents do not monitor their children’s viewing habits and, consequently, have little knowledge of the content of the animated cartoons their children watch. Parents appear to assume that cartoons are “innocent” and are “good for children.” This research reveals that 55.6 % of the 426 respondents say that they did not talk about cartoons with their parents and 92% said they did not discuss animated cartoons with their teachers. Without guidance, the majority of children appear to assume that all animated cartoon is good. A good number of the children cannot pinpoint bad aspects of animated cartoons but were able to clearly state what they perceived to be “good” things in and about animated cartoons. Overall, the research established that Non-African ideals of beauty and image dominate animated cartoons aired on television programs in Nairobi. Children are excellent imitators but poor evaluators. This study suggests that animated cartoons have discernible impacts on children in Nairobi in that they influence the children to construct their worldview and create perceptions that are alien to Kenya. The Non African ideals and values are increasingly defining the perception and attitudes towards gender roles, sexuality, body images and role modelling of children who consume animated cartoons in Nairobi. This is because these children are in that stage where images and impressions from diverse environments play a big part in how they construct their world.